As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

General Biology: Definitions and explanations page 11 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn general biology terms with definitions and explanations, biology terminologies (Page 11) for biology degree programs.


  1. What is Pollination?
    Pollination is the transfer of pollen from a male part of a plant to a female ...
  2. What are Conifers?
    Conifers are a division of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, pinopsida. they are ...
  3. What are Sepals?
    A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). usually green, sepals typically ...
  4. What are Petals?
    Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. they are often brightly colored ...
  5. What are Stamens?
    The stamen is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. collectively the stamens form the androecium. ...
  6. What is Anther?
    The part of a stamen that contains the pollen. it is crucial in the reproduction of ...
  7. What is Carpel?
    The female reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an ovary, a stigma, and usually a ...
  8. What is Stigma?
    The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma. the mature ovary is a ...
  9. What is Style?
    The style and stigma of the flower are involved in most types of self incompatibility reactions. ...
  10. What are Complete flowers?
    A "complete" flower, like that of ranunculus glaberrimus, has a calyx of outer sepals and a ...
  11. What are Incomplete flowers?
    Flowers that lack any of the important parts of the flowers as described previously, are called ...
  12. What is Fruit?
    A fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ...
  13. What is Embryo sac?
    Embryo sac is the female gametophyte of a seed plant consisting of a thin-walled sac within ...
  14. What is Cross pollination?
    Cross-pollination occurs when pollen is delivered from the stamen of one flower to the stigma of ...
  15. What is Double fertilization?
    Double fertilization is a complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants (angiosperms). this process involves the joining ...
  16. What is Cotyledons?
    A cotyledon is a significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant, and ...
  17. What is Endosperm?
    The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following ...
  18. What are Monocots?
    Monocots differ from dicots in four distinct structural features: leaves, stems, roots and flowers. but, the ...
  19. What are Dicots?
    The dicotyledon plants are also called as dicots (or more rarely dicotyls). these are one of ...
  20. What is Chitin?
    Chitin, a long-chain polymer of n-acetylglucosamine, is a derivative of glucose. it is a primary component ...
  21. What is Septa?
    A hypha consists of one or more cells surrounded by a tubular cell wall. in most ...
  22. What is Coenocytic fungi?
    The term coenocyte is a multinucleate cell which can result from multiple nuclear divisions without their ...
  23. What is Mycelium?
    Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus or even any fungus-like bacterial colony, consisting of ...
  24. What is Mycorrhizae?
    A mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. the term mycorrhiza generally ...
  25. What is Ectomycorrhizal fungi?
    Ectomycorrhizal fungi are those that form a symbiotic relationship s a fungal symbiont with the roots ...
  26. What are Pheromones?
    A pheromone is a chemical secreted or excreted by organisms that triggers a social response in ...
  27. What is Plasmogamy?
    Plasmogamy is a stage in the sexual reproduction of fungi, in which the cytoplasm of two ...
  28. What is Heterokaryon?
    A heterokaryon is a multinucleate cell that contains genetically different nuclei. ...
  29. What are Deuteromycetes?
    Deuteromycota are also known as imperfect fungi. basically these are those fungi which do not fit ...
  30. What are Zoospores?
    A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion so these are ...
  31. What is Lichen?
    A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of ...
  32. What is Mycosis?
    In humans, skin mycoses include the disease ringworm, so named because it appears as circular red ...
  33. What are Tissues?
    A tissue is a cellular organizational level between cells and a complete organ. a tissue is ...
  34. What is Cleavage?
    In embryology, cleavage is the division of cells in the early embryo. the process follows fertilization, ...
  35. What is Blastula?
    The blastula is a hollow sphere of cells which are referred to as blastomeres. they surround ...
  36. What is Gastrulation?
    Gastrulation is a phase early in the embryonic development of most animals, during which the single-layered ...
  37. What is Larva?
    A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. animals with ...
  38. What is Metamorphosis?
    Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving ...
  39. What is Radial symmetry?
    Radially symmetric organisms resemble a pie where several cutting planes produce roughly identical pieces. such an ...
  40. What is Bilateral symmetry?
    In bilateral symmetry (also called plane symmetry), only one plane, called the sagittal plane, divides an ...
  41. What is Ectoderm?
    Ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. the other ...
  42. What is Endoderm?
    Endoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. cells migrating ...
  43. What is Mesoderm?
    In all bilaterian or bilaterally symmetrical animals, the mesoderm is one of the three primary germ ...
  44. What is Body cavity?
    A body cavity is any fluid-filled space in a multicellular organism other than those of vessels ...
  45. What are Vertebrates?
    Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum vertebrata, that are chordates with backbones. vertebrates ...
  46. What are Invertebrates?
    Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column which is commonly known as ...
  47. What are Filter feeders?
    Filter feeders are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and ...
  48. What are Amoebocytes?
    An amebocyte or amoebocyte is a mobile cell in the body of invertebrates including echinoderms, mollusks, ...
  49. What is Epidermis?
    The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that make up the skin, the inner ...
  50. What are Hermaphrodites?
    A hermaphrodite is an organism that has complete or partial reproductive organs and produces gametes normally ...
  51. What is Polyps?
    A polyp is one of two forms found in the phylum cnidaria, the other being the ...
  52. What are Cnidocytes?
    A cnidocyte , which is also known as nematocyte, is an explosive cell containing one giant ...
  53. What is Exoskeleton?
    An exoskeleton is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to ...
  54. What is Alimentary canal?
    Alimentary canal is the whole passage along which food passes through the body from mouth to ...
  55. What is Radula?
    The radula is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. ...
  56. What is Metanephridium?
    A metanephridium is a type of excretory gland found in many types of invertebrates such as ...
  57. What is Open circulatory system?
    Open circulatory systems is usually observed in crustaceans, insects, mollusks and other invertebrates. this is different ...
  58. What is Notochord?
    The notochord is a flexible rod made out of a material similar to cartilage. if a ...
  59. What is Placenta?
    The placenta is a temporary organ that connects the developing fetus via the umbilical cord to ...
  60. What is Paleoanthropology.?
    Paleoanthropology is a branch of archaeology with a human focus. it seeks to understand the early ...