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General Biology: Definitions and explanations page 14 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn general biology terms with definitions and explanations, biology terminologies (Page 14) for biology degree programs.


  1. What is Vegetative reproduction?
    Vegetative reproduction is also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or vegetative cloning. it is any ...
  2. What is Stock?
    Grafting and budding are horticultural techniques used to join parts from two or more plants so ...
  3. What is Scion?
    Grafting and budding are horticultural techniques used to join parts from two or more plants so ...
  4. What is Transgenic?
    The term transgene describes a segment of dna containing a gene sequence that has been isolated ...
  5. What are Biofuels?
    A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and ...
  6. What is Biomass?
    Biomass is plant or animal material used for energy production, heat production, or in various industrial ...
  7. What is Etiolation?
    Etiolation is a process in flowering plants grown in partial or complete absence of light. it ...
  8. What is De-etiolation?
    De-etiolation, is a series of physiological and biochemical changes a plant shoot undergoes when emerging from ...
  9. What are Second messengers?
    Second messengers are molecules that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface - such ...
  10. What is Auxin?
    Auxin has multiple functions. it stimulates stem elongation (low concentration only) promotes the formation of lateral ...
  11. What are Cytokinins?
    Cytokinins help regulate cell division in shoots and roots, modify apical, dominance and promote lateral bud ...
  12. What are Gibberellins (GA)?
    Ga stimulate stem elongation, pollen development, pollen tube growth, fruit growth, and seed development and germination, ...
  13. What is Abscisic Acid?
    Aba has several functions. it inhibits growth, promotes stomatal closure during drought stress, promotes seed dormancy ...
  14. What is Ethylene?
    Ethylene is a gas hormone and promotes ripening of many types of fruit, leaf abscission, and ...
  15. What are Brassinosteroids?
    Promote cell expansion and cell division in shoots; promote root growth at low concentrations, inhibit root ...
  16. What are Jasmonades?
    Regulate a wide variety of functions, including fruit ripening, floral development, pollen production, tendril coiling, root ...
  17. What are Strigolactones?
    Promote seed germination, control of apical dominance, and the attraction of mycorrhizal fungi to the root. ...
  18. What is Tropism?
    A tropism is a phenomenon that indicates growth or turning movement of a biological organism, which ...
  19. What is Phototropism?
    Phototropism is the growth of an organism in response to a light stimulus. phototropism is most ...
  20. What are Expansins?
    Expansin refers to a family of closely related nonenzymatic proteins found in the plant cell wall, ...
  21. What is Triple response?
    Ethylene is a phytohormone which is produced in the plant under the conditions of mechanical stress. ...
  22. What is Senescence?
    Senescence or biological aging is the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics. the word senescence be used ...
  23. What is Photomorphogenesis?
    Photomorphogenesis is light-mediated development, where plant growth patterns respond to the light spectrum. this is a ...
  24. What is Action spectrum?
    An action spectrum is a graph of the rate of a physiological activity plotted against wavelength ...
  25. What are Phytochromes?
    Phytochromes are a class of photoreceptor in plants, bacteria and fungi use to detect light. they ...
  26. What is Photoperiodism?
    Photoperiodism is the physiological reaction of organisms to the length of day or night. it occurs ...
  27. What are Circadian rhythms?
    A circadian rhythm is a roughly 24 hour cycle in the physiological processes of living beings, ...
  28. What are Long day plants?
    Some plants require only a short night to flower. these are termed as long day plants. ...
  29. What are Short day plants?
    A plant that requires a long period of darkness, is termed a "short day" or a ...
  30. What are Day neutral plants?
    Some plants form flowers regardless of day length. botanists call these "day neutral" plants as they ...
  31. What is Vernalisation?
    Vernalization is the induction of a plant's flowering process by exposure to the prolonged cold of ...
  32. What is Florigen?
    Florigen is also called the or flowering hormone and is the hypothesized hormone-like molecule responsible for ...
  33. What is Gravitropism?
    Gravitropism is also known as geotropism, and is a coordinated process of differential growth by a ...
  34. What are Statoliths?
    Statocytes are cells thought to be involved in gravitropic perception in plants, located in the cap ...
  35. What is Thigmomorphogenesis?
    Thigmomorphogenesis is the response by plants to mechanical sensation by altering their growth patterns. in the ...
  36. What is Thigmotropism?
    Thigmotropism is a directional growth movement which occurs as a mechanosensory response to a touch stimulus. ...
  37. What is Abiotic stress?
    The biotic stress is the negative impact of non-living factors on the living organisms in a ...
  38. What is Biotic stress?
    Biotic stress is stress that occurs as a result of damage done to an organism by ...
  39. What is Heat shock proteins?
    Heat shock proteins are a family of proteins that are produced by cells in response to ...
  40. What is Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)?
    These molecules can be referred to as small molecular motifs conserved within a class of microbes. ...
  41. What is Hypersensitive response?
    The hypersensitive response (hr) is a mechanism, used by plants, to prevent the spread of infection ...
  42. What is Systemic acquired resistance?
    Systemic acquired resistance is a resistance response that occurs following an earlier localized exposure to a ...
  43. What is Herbivores?
    A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage ...
  44. What is Anatomy?
    Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and ...
  45. What is Physiology?
    Physiology is the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms which work within a living system. ...
  46. What is Interstitial fluid?
    The interstitial fluid and the plasma make up about 97% of the extra cellular fluid, and ...
  47. What is Digestive system?
    The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the ...
  48. What is Circulatory system?
    He circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system ...
  49. What is Respiratory system?
    The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs ...
  50. What is Immune and lymphatic system?
    Body defense (fighting infections and cancer). ...
  51. What is Excretory System?
    The excretory system is a passive biological system that removes excess, unnecessary materials from the body ...
  52. What is Endocrine System?
    Endocrine system is responsible for the coordination of body activities such as digestion and metabolism. the ...
  53. What is Reproductive System?
    The reproductive system consists of a system of an organism which works together for the purpose ...
  54. What is Nervous system?
    The nervous system is the part of an animal that coordinates its actions by transmitting signals ...
  55. What is Integumentary system?
    The integumentary system comprises the skin and its appendages acting to protect the body from various ...
  56. What is Skeletal System?
    The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism. it can ...
  57. What is Muscular System?
    The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. it permits ...
  58. What is Epithelial tissue?
    Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle ...
  59. What is Stratified squamous epithelium?
    A stratified squamous epithelium consists of squamous (flattened) epithelial cells arranged in layers upon a basal ...
  60. What is Cuboidal epithelium?
    Cuboidal epithelium has cells whose height and width are approximately the same (cube shaped). the cell ...