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General Biology: Definitions and explanations page 15 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn general biology terms with definitions and explanations, biology terminologies (Page 15) for biology degree programs.


  1. What is Polarity of epithelia?
    The apical surface faces the lumen (cavity) or outside of the organ and is therefore exposed ...
  2. What is Connective tissue?
    Connective tissue (ct) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with epithelial ...
  3. What is Loose connective tissue?
    Loose connective tissue is a category of connective tissue which includes areolar tissue, reticular tissue, and ...
  4. What is Blood?
    Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as ...
  5. What is Fibrous connective tissue?
    Fibrous connective tissue is a type of connective tissue which is composed of parallel bundles of ...
  6. What is Adipose tissue?
    Adipose tissue, or fat, is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. its ...
  7. What is Bone?
    Bone-forming cells called osteoblasts deposit a matrix of collagen. calcium, magnesium, and phosphate ions combine into ...
  8. What is Cartilage?
    Cells called chondrocytes secrete the collagen and chondroitin sulfate, which together make cartilage a strong yet ...
  9. What is Smooth muscle?
    Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle. it is divided into two subgroups; the single-unit (unitary) ...
  10. What is Cardiac muscle?
    Cardiac muscle is one of three types of vertebrate muscles, with the other two being skeletal ...
  11. What is Nervous tissue?
    The nervous tissue is also called neural tissue or nerve tissue. it is the main tissue ...
  12. What is Glia?
    Glia, also called glial cells or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system and ...
  13. What are Neurons?
    A neuron, also known as a nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that communicates with ...
  14. What are Hormones?
    A hormone is any member of a class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular ...
  15. What is Conformer?
    Conformers must change their environment to survive temperature variations. the older term - cold-blooded - is ...
  16. What is Regulator?
    Regulators regulate their bodies to remain at a relatively constant temperature. while in the past such ...
  17. What is Homeostasis?
    Homeostasis is the state of steady internal physical and chemical conditions maintained by living systems. this ...
  18. What is Positive feedback?
    Positive feedback is a process in which the end products of an action cause more of ...
  19. What is Acclimatization?
    Acclimatization or acclimatization (also called acclimation or acclimatation) is the process in which an individual organism ...
  20. What is Thermoregulation?
    Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even ...
  21. What is Endothermic?
    An endotherm has the ability to maintain a constant body temperature independent of the environment. the ...
  22. What is Ectothermic?
    An ectotherm is an organism in which internal physiological sources of heat are of relatively small ...
  23. What is Poikilotherm?
    A poikilotherm is an animal whose internal temperature varies considerably. it is the opposite of a ...
  24. What is Homeotherm?
    Warm-blooded animal species can maintain a body temperature higher than their environment. in particular, homeothermic species ...
  25. What is Integumentary?
    The integumentary system comprises the skin and its appendages acting to protect the body from various ...
  26. What is Insulation?
    For mammals without hair, insulation is accomplished by blubber, a thick layer of fat tissue which ...
  27. What is Counter current exchange?
    Counter current exchange is the mechanism by which some property of a fluid, such as heat ...
  28. What is Thermogenesis?
    Thermogenesis is the process of heat production in organisms. it occurs in all warm-blooded animals, and ...
  29. What is Nonshivering thermogenesis?
    Nonshivering thermogenesis is defined as an increase in metabolic heat production (above the basal metabolism) that ...
  30. What is Fever?
    A fever is a body temperature that is higher than normal. a normal temperature can vary ...
  31. What are Bioenergetics?
    Bioenergetics is a field in biochemistry and cell biology that concerns energy flow through living systems. ...
  32. What is Metabolic rate?
    Metabolism comprises the processes that the body needs to function. basal metabolic rate is the amount ...
  33. What is Torpor?
    Torpor is a state of decreased physiological activity in an animal, usually by a reduced body ...
  34. What is Hibernation?
    Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms. hibernation refers to a season ...
  35. What is Hypothalamus?
    The hypothalamus is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with ...
  36. What is Nutrition?
    Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in ...
  37. What are Carnivores?
    A carnivore is an organism that derives its energy and nutrient requirements from a diet consisting ...
  38. What are Vitamins?
    A vitamin is an organic molecule (or related set of molecules) that is an essential micronutrient ...
  39. What are Minerals?
    In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient ...
  40. What is Malnutrition?
    Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which one or more nutrients ...
  41. What is Undernutrition?
    Undernutrition denotes insufficient intake of energy and nutrients to meet an individual's needs to maintain good ...
  42. What is Epidemiology?
    Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution and determinants of health and disease conditions ...
  43. What is Ingestion?
    Ingestion is the consumption of a substance by an organism. in animals, it normally accomplished by ...
  44. What is Digestion?
    Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that ...
  45. What is Absorption?
    Absorption of nutrients mostly occurs in the small intestine. digestion and absorption begins in your mouth ...
  46. What is Elimination?
    Elimination is also defecation. defecation is the final act of digestion, by which organisms eliminate solid, ...
  47. What is Substrate feeder?
    Substrate feeders dwell in or on their food source. leaf miners are tiny substrate-feeding insects that ...
  48. What are Fluid feeders?
    Fluid feeders suck nutrient-rich fluids from a living host. fluid feeders may also be herbivores or ...
  49. What are Bulk feeders?
    Most animals are bulk feeders. they eat relatively large pieces of food. many vertebrates, including ourselves, ...
  50. What is Gastrovascular cavity?
    The gastrovascular cavity is the primary organ of digestion and circulation in two major animal phyla: ...
  51. What is Alimentary canal?
    The alimentary canal is also called the gastrointestinal tract is an organ system within humans and ...
  52. What is Peristalsis?
    Peristalsis is a radially symmetrical contraction and relaxation of muscles that propagates in a wave down ...
  53. What is Sphincter?
    A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or ...
  54. What is Oral cavity?
    In animal anatomy, the mouth is also known as the oral cavity or the buccal cavity. ...
  55. What are Salivary glands?
    The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts. ...
  56. What is Amylase?
    Amylase is a protein made by our pancreas and also by the glands in and around ...
  57. What is Mucus?
    Mucus is a slippery aqueous secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes. mucus serves to protect ...
  58. What is Bolus?
    A bolus is a ball-like mixture of food and saliva that forms in the mouth during ...
  59. What is Pharynx?
    The pharynx is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above ...
  60. What is Esophagus?
    The esophagus or esophagus, commonly known as the food pipe or gullet, is an organ in ...