As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

General Biology: Definitions and explanations page 17 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn general biology terms with definitions and explanations, biology terminologies (Page 17) for biology degree programs.


  1. What are Leukocytes?
    Leukocytes is another name for the white blood cells. these are the cells of the immune ...
  2. What are Stem cells?
    Stem cells are cells that can differentiate into other types of cells, and can also divide ...
  3. What is Sickle cell disease?
    Sickle cell disease is a group of blood disorders that are commonly inherited from a person's ...
  4. What is Erythropoietin?
    Erythropoietin is also known as haematopoietin. it is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted by the kidney in ...
  5. What is Thrombin?
    Thrombin is a serine protease. it is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the ...
  6. What is Atherosclerosis?
    Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the inside of an artery narrows due to the build ...
  7. What is Low density lipoprotein?
    Low-density lipoprotein is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein which transport all fat molecules ...
  8. What is High density lipoprotein?
    High-density lipoprotein is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins. they are typically composed of ...
  9. What is Heart attack?
    Myocardial infarction is commonly known as a heart attack and occurs when blood flow decreases or ...
  10. What is Stroke?
    A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in ...
  11. What is Hypertension?
    Hypertension is yet another contributor to heart attack and stroke. according to one hypothesis, chronic high ...
  12. What is Gas exchange?
    Gas exchange is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface. ...
  13. What is Partial pressure?
    In a mixture of gases, each constituent gas has a partial pressure which is the notional ...
  14. What is Ventilation?
    Breathing is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to help in ...
  15. What is Countercurrent exchange?
    Countercurrent exchange is a mechanism occurring in nature usually heat or some chemical, between two flowing ...
  16. What is Tracheal system?
    The trachea which is also called the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the pharynx ...
  17. What are Lungs?
    In mammals and most of the vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either ...
  18. What is Larynx?
    The larynx is also called the voice box. it is an organ in the top of ...
  19. What is Trachea?
    The trachea is also called the windpipe. it is a cartilaginous tube that connects the pharynx ...
  20. What is Bronchi?
    A bronchus is a passage of airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the ...
  21. What are Bronchioles?
    The bronchioles or bronchioli are the passageways by which air passes through the nose or mouth ...
  22. What is Alveoli?
    The pulmonary alveolus , which are also called alveoli, is a hollow cavity found in the ...
  23. What is Breathing?
    Breathing is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas ...
  24. What is Positive pressure breathing?
    Positive pressure breathing is inflating the lungs with forced airflow. intermittent positive pressure breathing (ippb) is ...
  25. What is Diaphragm?
    The diaphragm is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of the chest and ...
  26. What is Tidal volume?
    Tidal volume is the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation ...
  27. What is Vital capacity?
    Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after ...
  28. What is Residual volume?
    Residual volume is the amount of air that remains in a person's lungs after fully exhaling. ...
  29. What are Respiratory pigments?
    A respiratory pigment is a molecule that increases the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood. the four ...
  30. What is Myoglobin?
    Myoglobin is an iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates in general ...
  31. What is Pathogen?
    A pathogen is anything that can produce disease. a pathogen may also be referred to as ...
  32. What is Immune system?
    The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an ...
  33. What is Adaptive immunity?
    The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system or sometimes as the specific ...
  34. What is Innate immunity?
    In innate immunity, which includes barrier defenses, molecular recognition relies on a small set of receptor ...
  35. What is Phagocytosis?
    Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis. it is basically a process by which a cell uses ...
  36. What are Neutrophils?
    Neutrophils are also known as neutrocytes. these cells are the most abundant type of granulocytes and ...
  37. What are Macrophages?
    Macrophages are a type of white blood cell, of the immune system, that engulfs and digests ...
  38. What are Dendritic cells?
    Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells of the mammalian immune system. their main function is to process ...
  39. What are Natural killer cells?
    Natural killer cells, also abbreviated to nk cells, are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte that are ...
  40. What are Interferons?
    Interferons (ifns) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response ...
  41. What are Complement proteins?
    The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances or complements the ability ...
  42. What is Inflammatory response?
    Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to damaging stimuli, such as ...
  43. What is Histamine?
    Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses, as well as regulating physiological ...
  44. What are Cytokines?
    Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins that are important in cell signaling. ...
  45. What are Lymphocytes?
    A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of a white blood cell in a vertebrate's immune ...
  46. What is Thymus?
    The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. within the thymus, t ...
  47. What is Antigen?
    The term antigen refers to any molecule or a linear molecular fragment after processing the native ...
  48. What is Antigen receptor?
    An antigen receptor is basically an antibody protein that is not secreted but is anchored to ...
  49. What is Epitope?
    An epitope is also called as antigenic determinant. it is the part of an antigen that ...
  50. What is Antibody?
    Antibodies are secreted proteins from the b cells. the antibodies have the same y-shaped structure as ...
  51. What is MHC molecule?
    The major histocompatibility complex is a set of genes that code for cell surface proteins that ...
  52. What is Antigen presentation?
    Antigen presentation describes a vital immune process which is essential for t cell immune response triggering. ...
  53. What are Effector cells?
    An effector cell is any of various types of cell that actively responds to a stimulus ...
  54. What are Plasma cells?
    Plasma cells are white blood cells that secrete huge volumes of antibodies. they are moved by ...
  55. What are Memory cells?
    Memory cells can be of different types for example one is the memory b cells which ...
  56. What is Clonal selection?
    Clonal selection is basically a phenomenon in immunology that explains the functions of lymphocyte cells of ...
  57. What is Humoral immune response?
    Humoral immunity refers to antibody production and the accessory processes that accompany it. basically humoral immunity ...
  58. What is Cell mediated response?
    Cell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies and rather is the activation ...
  59. What are Cytotoxic T cells?
    A cytotoxic t cell is also known as t lymphocyte or ctl etc. this cell is ...
  60. What is Active immunity?
    Active immunization is the induction of immunity after exposure to an antigen. antibodies are created by ...