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General Biology: Definitions and explanations page 2 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn general biology terms with definitions and explanations, biology terminologies (Page 2) for biology degree programs.


  1. What is Calorie?
    Calorie is a measure of energy and does not measure weight or length. it is the ...
  2. What is Specific heat?
    Specific heat is a physical property of matter and is the energy required per mass of ...
  3. What is Heat of vaporization?
    The heat of vaporization is also called the enthalpy of evaporation and it is the energy ...
  4. What is Solution?
    A mixture of two substances that dissolve in to each other and are uniformly distributed throughout ...
  5. What is Solvent?
    The liquid part of a solution that acts as a dissolving agent and dissolves all the ...
  6. What is Solute?
    The substance that gets dissolved in the solvent. a solute is defined as the substance that ...
  7. What is Aqueous Solution?
    Any solution that has the water as a solvent is called an aqueous solution. as water ...
  8. What is Hydration shell?
    A solvation shell is the solvent interface of any chemical compound or biomolecule that constitutes the ...
  9. What is Hydrophobic?
    Any substance that repels water or is not dissolved in water. hydrophobic molecules tend to be ...
  10. What is Molarity?
    Molarity is the unit of concentration and is described as the amount of solute dissolved pe ...
  11. What is Base?
    N chemistry, bases are substances that, in aqueous solution, release hydroxide ions, are slippery to the ...
  12. What is Acid?
    A substance that donates the protons and accepts electrons. when an acid is dissolved in aqueous ...
  13. What is PH?
    A scale of acidity to specify how basic or acidic a solution is. it is usually ...
  14. What is Buffer?
    A buffer is used when the ph of a solution needs to be kept constant. its ...
  15. What is Ocean acidification?
    When oceans uptake the carbon dioxide from air, the ph of the ocean decreases. this has ...
  16. What is Organic chemistry?
    The study of compounds that have at least one carbon atom is called organic chemistry. the ...
  17. What are Hydrocarbons?
    Hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. hydrocarbons are examples of group ...
  18. What are isomers?
    Isomers of an element isomers are ions or molecules with identical formulas but distinct structures. isomers ...
  19. What are Cis-trans isomers?
    The cis isomers have the same formula but have a different spatial orientation of the functional ...
  20. What are Enantiomers?
    An enantiomer is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are ...
  21. What are Functional groups?
    A group of atoms that are directly responsible for participating in chemical reactions. a functional group ...
  22. What is Polymer?
    A polymer is a large macromolecule that is made of several repeating subunits. an example of ...
  23. What are Monomers?
    The smaller units of a polymer that chain together in large numbers and form a macromolecule ...
  24. What are Enzymes?
    Enzymes are proteins that have an important function in speeding up a reaction. they help by ...
  25. What is Hydrolysis?
    The term hydrolysis can be used for electrochemical as well as biological reactions. hydrolysis reaction occurs ...
  26. What are Carbohydrates?
    Carbohydrates are important building blocks of life. many of the important structures in the body are ...
  27. What is Monosaccharide?
    Simplest sugars that usually act as monomers to chain up and form larger chains of sugars ...
  28. What is Glyosidic linkage?
    The bond that joins one carbohydrate to another molecule which may or may not be a ...
  29. What are Polysaccharides?
    Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate molecules composed of long chains of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic ...
  30. What is Starch?
    Starch is a complex carbon found in several plants and is made of multiple glucose monomers ...
  31. What is Glycogen?
    Glycogen is a multibranched polymer of glucose and is not a linear molecule. it has the ...
  32. What is Fatty acid?
    Fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or ...
  33. What is Saturated fatty acid?
    A saturated fatty acid chain is formed when no double bonds are present on the chain ...
  34. What is Phospholipid?
    This class of lipids is a major component of cell membranes of living things. these are ...
  35. What are Steroids?
    Steroids are an active biological compound that has four rings that are organized in a special ...
  36. What is Cholesterol?
    Cholesterol is an organic molecule which is found abundantly in many living organisms. it is a ...
  37. What are Catalysts?
    Generally, the rate of a chemical reaction is increased by adding a substance known as a ...
  38. What is Peptide bond?
    When the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amine group of another amino ...
  39. What is Protein?
    A protein is one of the most important biological molecules which are formed by the translation ...
  40. What is Amino acid?
    An organic molecule that is the building block of all proteins. it is an organic molecule ...
  41. What is Denaturation?
    When an external stress destroys a protein, it is said to be denatured. an external stress ...
  42. What are Chaperonins?
    Chaperonin proteins provide favorable conditions for the folding of other proteins. in their absence, the proteins ...
  43. What is Gene?
    A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in dna or rna that codes for a molecule ...
  44. What are Nucleic acids?
    Nucleic acids are small biopolymers that form the genetic material of essentially all known forms of ...
  45. What is DNA?
    Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule that is made up of two chains that coil around each ...
  46. What is RNA?
    Ribonucleic acid is also like the dna molecule except it has a different sugar. it is ...
  47. What is Pyrimidine?
    Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound that is composed of one ring. in nucleic acids ...
  48. What is Purine?
    Purines are heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consist of two rings; one is a pyrimidine ring ...
  49. What is Double helix?
    The term double helix basically refers to the secondary structure formed by the wounding of two ...
  50. What is Antiparallel?
    In terms of biology, two biopolymers are antiparallel if they run parallel to each other but ...
  51. What is Cell fractionation?
    The cell fractionation process is used to separate cellular components based on their size but meanwhile ...
  52. What is Cytosol?
    The cytosol, also known as intracellular fluid (icf) or cytoplasmic matrix, or groundplasm, is a clear ...
  53. What is Nucleoid?
    Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus. instead their dna is concentrated in a region inside the ...
  54. What is Plasma membrane?
    The interior of the cell is protected from the exterior of the cell by this membrane. ...
  55. What is Flagellum?
    A flagellum is a lash-like or a thread like appendage that protrudes out from the cell ...
  56. What is Centrosome?
    A centrosome is an important organelle in the cell that has vital functions during the division ...
  57. What is Cytoskeleton?
    A cytoskeleton is an important support structure present in the cytoplasm of all cells. it can ...
  58. What is Microvilli?
    Microvilli are microscopic protrusions that extend from the cell membrane. these are distinct from flagella and ...
  59. What is Ribosomes?
    Ribosomes comprise a complex macromolecular machine and are the primary sites where the protein translation takes ...
  60. What is Chromatin?
    Chromatin is a complex of dna and histone proteins. chromatin is actually what formed the chromosomes ...