General Biology: Definitions and explanations page 5 PDF | Download eBooks
Learn general biology terms with definitions and explanations, biology terminologies (Page 5) for biology degree programs.
- What is Diploid?
A diploid cell is any cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes. which means they ... - What is Haploid?
Haploid is the term used when a cell has half the normal number of chromosomes or ... - What is Fertilization?
Fertilization is the reproductive process that happens from the fusion of gametes to form a new ... - What is Zygote?
A zygote is the union of the sperm cell and the egg cell or it can ... - What is Meiosis?
Meiosis is a special type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating ... - What are Alternation of generations?
Alternation of generations, which is also known as metagenesis, is the type of life cycle that ... - What is Allele?
An allele is a variant form of a gene. some genes have a variety of different ... - What is Crossing over?
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, ... - What is Chiasmata?
A chiasma is the point of contact or a physical link between two chromatids belonging to ... - What is Synaptonemal complex?
The synaptonemal complex is a protein structure that forms between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. this complex ... - What is Synapsis?
Synapsis is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. during synapsis, a possible ... - What are Recombinant chromosomes?
Recombinant chromosomes are formed when there is shuffling of genetic material between the homologous chromosomes. this ... - What is Character?
A heritable feature which is acquired from the parents is called a character. for example in ... - What is Trait?
Every variant for a character is called a trait. for example for skin color, which is ... - What is True breeding?
A true breeding is a kind of breeding wherein the parents would produce offspring that would ... - What is Hybridization?
When plants of different varieties are bred together, the process is termed is hybridization. this is ... - What is P generation?
P generation is the name given to the parental generation. the parent plants are usually denoted ... - What is F1 generation?
In mendelian genetics, an f1 hybrid which is also known as filial 1 hybrid, is the ... - What is Dominant allele?
An allele that has a dominant characteristic and it has the ability to express itself even ... - What is Recessive allele?
A recessive allele can only express itself when it is in the homozygous form. a good ... - What is Law of segregation?
Law of segregation states that during gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each ... - What is Punnett Square?
The punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a ... - What is Homozygous?
Homozygous is a word that refers to a particular gene that has identical alleles on both ... - What is Heterozygous?
Heterozygous is a diploid organism when at a particular gene locus has two different alleles (one ... - What is Phenotype?
The phenotype of an organism is the composite of the organism's observable characteristics or traits, including ... - What is Genotype?
The genetic makeup of an individual that gives rise to different phenotype. the genetic makeup cannot ... - What is Testcross?
In genetics, a test cross was first introduced by gregor mendel. this type of test involves ... - What are Monohybrids?
A hybrid that is heterozygous with respect to a specified gene. it is just a term ... - What is Monohybrid cross?
A monohybrid cross is a mating between two organisms with different variations at one genetic chromosome ... - What are Dihybrids?
This term is used to describe a hybrid that is heterozygous for alleles of two different ... - What is Dihybrid cross?
Dihybrid cross is a cross between two different lines/genes that differ in two observed traits. according ... - What is Complete dominance?
Complete dominance is a form of dominance in heterozygous condition wherein the allele that is regarded ... - What is Incomplete dominance?
Incomplete dominance is a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait ... - What is Codominance?
Codominance is a form of dominance wherein the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote ... - What is Epistasis?
Epistasis is the phenomenon where the effect of one gene is dependent on the presence of ... - What is Polygenic inheritance?
Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. often the genes ... - What is Quantitative character?
A quantitative trait is a measurable phenotype that depends on the cumulative actions of many genes ... - What is Multifactorial character?
The type of hereditary pattern seen when there is more than one genetic factor involved and, ... - What is Pedigree?
A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance or phenotypes of a ... - What are Carriers?
An organism that carries a copy of the gene but is not expressing it, usually this ... - What is Amniocentesis?
Sometimes the fetus can show signs of a disease or a disorder. to screen that, some ... - What is Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)?
Chorionic villus sampling, sometimes called "chorionic villous sampling", is a form of prenatal diagnosis to determine ... - What is Multiplication rule?
Rule of multiplication if events a and b come from the same sample space, the probability ... - What is Addition rule?
When two events, a and b, are mutually exclusive, the probability that a or b will ... - What is Chromosome theory of inheritance?
This theory is also called the boveri-sutton chromosome theory is a fundamental unifying theory of genetics ... - What is Wild type?
Wild type refers to the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs ... - What are Sex linked genes?
Any gene that is present on the sex chromosome is called the sex linked gene. therefore ... - What are X linked genes?
This is the same as sex linked gene except the gene is specifically located on the ... - What is Hemophilia?
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that slows the blood clotting process. people with this condition experience ... - What is Barr body?
A barr body is the inactive x chromosome in a female somatic cell, rendered inactive in ... - What are Linked genes?
Linked genes are genes that are likely to be inherited together because they are physically close ... - What is Genetic recombination?
Genetic recombination (also known as genetic reshuffling) is the exchange of genetic material between different organisms ... - What is Genetic map?
Gene mapping describes the methods used to identify the locus of a gene and the distances ... - What is Map unit?
In genetics, a centimorgan or map unit is a unit for measuring genetic linkage. it is ... - What is Cytogenetic map?
A cytogenetic map is the visual appearance of a chromosome when stained and examined under a ... - What are Linkage groups?
Linkage group, in genetics, all of the genes on a single chromosome. they are inherited as ... - What is Non disjunction?
Sometimes due to an error during cell division, the chromosomes fail to separate properly. there are ... - What is Aneuploidy?
Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, for example a ... - What is Monosomy?
Monosomy is an example of aneuploidy when the chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis. monosomy results ... - What is Trisomy?
Trisomy is another important example of aneuploidy when the chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis. trisomy ...