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Microbiology: Definitions and explanations page 5 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn microbiology terms with definitions and explanations, microbiology terminologies (Page 5) for science degree programs.


  1. What are Cardinal Temperatures?
    Cardinal temperatures are the minimum or maximum temperatures through which the limits of growth and development ...
  2. What is Carrier?
    Carriers or hereditary carriers are people or organisms, which have inherited an allele (recessive) for a ...
  3. What is Caseous Lesion?
    Caseous lesion or necrosis is the lesion that is caused by mycobacterium and these resemble curd ...
  4. What is Casual Carrier?
    Casual carriers are individuals or organisms that contain an infection causing agent only for a short ...
  5. What is Catabolism?
    Catabolism is a set of multiple pathways which causes the breakdown of molecules into smaller and ...
  6. What is Catabolite Activator Protein (CAP)?
    Catabolite activator proteins are trans-acting transcriptional activators, which are present in the form of homodimers in ...
  7. What is Catabolite Repression?
    Catabolite repression or carbon catabolite repression is a crucial part of global control system of microorganisms ...
  8. What is Catalase?
    Catalase is an enzyme that is commonly found in almost all the living organisms that are ...
  9. What is Catalyzed Reporter Deposition-Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (Card-Fish)?
    Catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (card-fish) is a potent methodology with an increasing applications ...
  10. What are Catenanes?
    catenane is a mechanically-interlocked molecular architecture that consists of two or more macrocycles that are interlocked ...
  11. What are Cathelicidins?
    Cathelicidins are antimicrobial peptides are a family of polypeptides that are primarily stored in the macrophage's ...
  12. What is Cellulose?
    Cellulose is a polysaccharide with the formlula (c6h10o5). it is an organic compound, having a linear ...
  13. What is Centers For Disease Control And Prevention (CDC)?
    Cdc was established in 1946 and is under the management of department of health and human ...
  14. What are Central Metabolic Pathways?
    The two central metabolic pathways are characterized by their catabolic or anabolic ability. the anabolic pathway ...
  15. What is Central Tolerance?
    Central tolerance is the process of eliminating any developing t or b-lymphocytes that might be reactive ...
  16. What is Cephalosporin?
    The cephalosporins are a group of β-lactam antibiotics, derived from the fungus named acremonium, (which was ...
  17. What is Chain Termination DNA Sequencing Method?
    Chain termination method, widely known as the sanger sequencing is a method of dna sequencing, based ...
  18. What is Chancre?
    A chancre is a commonly formed painless genital ulcer, resulting from syphilis. formed approximately 21 days ...
  19. What is Chemical Oxygen Demand (Cod)?
    The chemical oxygen demand (cod), in environmental chemistry, is an indicative measure of the amount of ...
  20. What is Chemiosmotic Hypothesis?
    Proposed by peter mitchell, the chemiosmotic hypothesis states that a proton motive force is responsible for ...
  21. What is Chemokine?
    Chemokines are a group of small cytokines, or signaling proteins secreted by cells. they have an ...
  22. What are Chemotaxins?
    A chemotaxin is an agent, e.g., a complement component, which induces chemotaxis. it is either a ...
  23. What are Chemotherapeutic Agents?
    Chemotherapeutic agents (also known as antineoplastic agents), are the compounds used to inhibit the proliferation of ...
  24. What is Chiral?
    A molecule or ion that is non-superimposable on its mirror image is a chiral molecule. one ...
  25. What is Chitin?
    Chitin (formula: c8h13o5n)n) is a long chain polymer of n-acetylglucosamine. it is a derivative of glucose, ...
  26. What are Chlamydiae?
    The phylum chlamydiae consists of a group of obligate bacteria that are intracellular and very diverse. ...
  27. What is Chloramphenicol?
    Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic with the chemical formula (c11h12cl2n2o5). produced either from the bacterium streptomyces venezuelae ...
  28. What are Chlorosomes?
    A chlorosome, commonly found in green sulfur bacteria and a few green filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs, is ...
  29. What is Choleragen?
    Choleragen (also called cholera toxin and often abbreviated as ct, ctx or ctx) is secreted by ...
  30. What is Chromatic Adaptation?
    According to most recent researches in the field of microbiology, a large number of bacterial species ...
  31. What is Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (Chip)?
    Chromatin immunoprecipitation (abbreviated as chip) is an important experimental technique, used to protein - dna interaction ...
  32. What is Chromatin Remodeling?
    Chromatin remodeling is the alteration of chromatin architecture, such that it allows the regulatory transcription machinery ...
  33. What is Chromogen?
    In chemistry, chromogen is defined as a colorless (or weakly colored) chemical compound, which can be ...
  34. What is Chromophore Group?
    Chromophore or chromophore group is a part of molecule and gives color to that particular molecule. ...
  35. What is Chronic Carrier?
    A chronic or asymptotic carrier is a term used for a person or any organism that ...
  36. What is Chronic Inflammation?
    Chronic inflammation is a type of inflammation that is not acute and usually has whole-body and ...
  37. What are Chytrids?
    Chytrid is an informal name of chytridiomycota, which are a division of zoosporic organisms in the ...
  38. What are Ciliates (Ciliophora)?
    Ciliates belong to protozoa group that are noticed by the presence of cilia (hair-like organelles). cilia ...
  39. What is Classical Complement Pathway?
    Classical complement pathway is the major effector for the antibody action. the classical pathway of complement ...
  40. What is Classification?
    Classification or biological classification is the procedure through which the scientists categorize the living organisms. these ...
  41. What is Clonal Selection?
    Clonal selection is a process that was projected to explain and describe how one b or ...
  42. What is Clone?
    Clones are those organisms that have exactly the same genetic makeup, i.e., their dna is completely ...
  43. What is Cloning Vector?
    A cloning vector is a small fragment of dna into which a foreign dna fragment can ...
  44. What are Clue Cells?
    Clue cells are squamous epithelial cells in the vagina that are coated with the anaerobic bacteria ...
  45. What is Coagulase?
    Coagulase is a protein enzyme that enables fibrinogen to convert into fibrin. it is produced by ...
  46. What is Coagulation?
    Coagulation is the process by which blood is changed from the liquid to gel form, resulting ...
  47. What are Coated Vesicles?
    clathrin coated vesicles (ccvs) are responsible for the vesicular transport of cargo (like proteins) between ...
  48. What is Coccolithophore?
    Coccolithophores are unicellular, eukaryotic phytoplankton. according to the robert whittaker's five kingdom classification, they belong to ...
  49. What is Code Degeneracy?
    Code degeneracy or degeneracy of codons is the redundancy of the genetic code that is presented ...
  50. What are Coding Sequences (CDs)?
    A coding sequence (cds) is a region of rna or dna whose sequence regulated the sequence ...
  51. What is Codon?
    Codon is a three rna or dna nucleotides sequence that corresponds with a particular amino acid ...
  52. What is Coenocytic?
    Coenocytes serve as a single coordinated unit that is made of several cells linked functionally and ...
  53. What is Coenzyme?
    Coenzymes are tiny molecules that do not catalyze a reaction on they own but they assist ...
  54. What is Coevolution?
    Coevolution is the process in which two or more species are evolved in tandem by the ...
  55. What is Cofactor?
    Cofactors are coenzymes or metal ions, are organic or inorganic chemicals that help enzymes during the ...
  56. What is Colicin?
    Colicins are a type of bacteriocins that are produced by escherichia coli and can also be ...
  57. What is Coliform?
    Coliform bacteria are the gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria and non-spore bacteria, which may be motile or non-motile. ...
  58. What is Colilert Defined Substrate Test?
    The colilert test uses defined substrate technology (dst) to detect e.coli and total coliforms simultaneously. mug ...
  59. What is Colonization?
    Colonization is the first stage of microbial infection. it is the establishment of the pathogen at ...
  60. What is Colony Forming Units (CFU)?
    Colony-forming unit (cfu) is a unit that estimates the number of viable fungal or bacterial cells ...