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Microbiology: Definitions and explanations page 7 PDF | Download eBooks

Learn microbiology terms with definitions and explanations, microbiology terminologies (Page 7) for science degree programs.


  1. What is Alternation of Generations?
    Alternation of generations is a sexual reproduction pattern, which consists of mature individuals (either diploid or ...
  2. What is Ames Test?
    Ames test is a procedure and a biological analysis to analyze the chemical compounds mutagenic potential. ...
  3. What is Amino Acid?
    Amino acids are the building blocks of protein and peptides. there are in total 20 different ...
  4. What is Amphipathic?
    Amphipathic molecules consist of both polar and non-polar regions. the example of these types of molecules ...
  5. What is Anaerobe?
    An anaerobe or an anaerobic organism does not need oxygen for growth and survival. the presence ...
  6. What is Anammox?
    Anammox, also known as anaerobic ammonium oxidation, is a reaction in which ammonium is oxidized to ...
  7. What is Angstrom?
    Angstrom is a unit for length. it is equal to 1/10th of a millimicron, or 1/10th ...
  8. What is Anisogamy?
    Anisogamy is the rate of two types of gametes of distinct sizes within a population and ...
  9. What is Antibody?
    Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are y-shaped proteins, which are produced by plasma cells. immune system ...
  10. What is Antiseptic?
    Antiseptics are chemical agents or disinfectants that is commonly being used at healthcare settings and hospitals ...
  11. What are Archaea?
    Archaea is a group of prokaryotes or single-celled microorganisms. these types of cells do not have ...
  12. What is Aseptic Technique?
    Aseptic technique means utilizing practices and methodology to avoid the pathogenic contamination. it includes applying the ...
  13. What is Assimilatory Sulphate Reduction?
    Assimilatory sulfate redection is a pathway that is utilized by fungi, prokaryotes and photosynthetic living beings ...
  14. What is Atomic Mass?
    The mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units. it is ...
  15. What is Atomic Number?
    The atomic number or proton number (z) of an element is the proton number found in ...
  16. What is Autotroph?
    An autotroph, also known as a primary producer, is a life form that produces organic compounds ...
  17. What are Bacteria?
    Bacteria are single-celled, microscopic organisms that can survive in multiple environments. these procaryotes are different to ...
  18. What is Bactericidal?
    To be pasted (bactericide) ...
  19. What is Batch Culture?
    Batch culture is a procedure that is used to cells or microorganisms. for growth of these ...
  20. What is Beta-Lactamase?
    Beta-lactamases are enzymes that are resistant to the β-lactam antibiotics such as cephalosporins, carbapenems (ertapenem), penicillins, ...
  21. What is Biodeterioration?
    Biodeterioration is the term that is defined as the food breakdown by organisms such as microorganisms. ...
  22. What is Biofilm?
    Biofilms are a group of those microorganisms that can replicate on multiple surfaces. fungi, bacteria and ...
  23. What is Biomass?
    Biomass is the animal or plant material that is used to produce energy or produce heat ...
  24. What is Bioreactor?
    Bioreactors are referred to as any manufactured system or device that supports an environment that is ...
  25. What is Carcinogen?
    Carcinogens are radiations or any substances that stimulates carcinogenesis (cancer formation). either the cellular metabolic processes ...
  26. What is Central Dogma of Biology?
    The central dogma of molecular biology describes the two-step process, by which the information stored in ...
  27. What is Centromere?
    The centromere is the specialized dna sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister ...
  28. What is Chemotroph?
    The organisms, that derive their energy from the oxidation of the electron donors in their environment, ...
  29. What is Chloroplast?
    Chloroplasts are the cell organelles that carry the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll and hence are responsible for ...
  30. What is Chromosome?
    A chromosome is a dna (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule. it carries part of or all the genetic ...
  31. What is Cilium (Pl. Cilia)?
    A cilium is an organelle of eukaryotic cells. these are thin and long protuberances that protrude ...
  32. What is Clamp Connection?
    Clamp connection is a structure that resembles a hook and is formed by rising hyphal cells ...
  33. What is Cloning?
    Cloning is the process by which genetically identical individuals of an organism are produced, either artificially ...
  34. What is Competence (of a Bacterial Cell)?
    Competence, in microbiology, is the cell's ability to modify its genetics by taking up extracellular or ...
  35. What is Compound?
    Compound is the term used for a chemical substance that is made up of many identical ...
  36. What is Conidiophore?
    Conidiophores are special spore producing hyphae of fungi. they produce asexual spores called conidia. the conidiophores ...
  37. What is Continuous Culture?
    Continuous culture of microorganisms is a method to increase the prominence in the field of microbiology. ...
  38. What is Covalent Bond?
    Covalent bond, also known as a molecular bond, is a chemical bond and involves the electron ...
  39. What is Abiogenesis?
    Abiogenesis is the notion that on earth, living things arose from nonliving things or matter such ...
  40. What is Abiotic?
    Abiotic factors or abiotic components are a nonliving part of an ecosystem, which affect the functioning ...
  41. What is ABO Blood Group System?
    Abo blood group system is the categorization of human blood groups based on the hereditary properties ...
  42. What is Abscess?
    An abscess is a swollen and a painful pus, which is caused by a bacterial, fungal ...
  43. What is Abyssal Zone?
    Abyssal zone is a layer in the ocean's pelagic zone. since this zone is quite deep ...
  44. What is Acidic?
    Acidic solution has a ph value below 7, which can be determined with the help of ...
  45. What is Active Immunity?
    Active immunity is a defense system of the immune system that is acquired when antigen directly ...
  46. What is Activated Lymphocyte?
    Activated lymphocytes are the 't' or 'b' cells, which are stimulated when they receive immune stimuli ...
  47. What is Acute?
    To be pasted (acute infections) ...
  48. What is Adenovirus?
    Adenoviruses are the non-enveloped dna viruses, which are responsible for causing respiratory illnesses such as conjunctivitis ...
  49. What is Adhesion?
    Adhesion or bacterial adhesion is a process, which helps bacteria to adhere to other cells and ...
  50. What is Agammaglobulinemia?
    Agammaglobulinemia is a group of immune deficiencies that are inherited and diagnosed by very low antibodies ...
  51. What is Agglutination?
    Agglutination is the process of particles clumping together. in immunology, these particles are antibodies that agglutinate ...
  52. What is Agglutinogen?
    Agglutinogens are substances, which act as antigens to help produce specific agglutinin. these are proteins in ...
  53. What is Agranulocyte?
    Agranulocytes are a type of wbcs, also known as leukocytes. they lack prominent cytoplasmic granules, and ...
  54. What is AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome?
    Aids (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is a term that is used to describe multiple lethal and ...
  55. What is Allergy?
    Allergies are responses generated by the immune system towards an allergen. allergies are also known as ...
  56. What is Alloantigen?
    Alloantigen is an antigen that is found in some and not all individuals of the same ...
  57. What is Allosteric?
    Allosteric relates to the alteration in the activity or shape of a protein such as enzymes. ...
  58. What is Amastigote?
    An amastigote is a rounded, non-flagellated protist cell. in the lifecycle of trypanosomes, it is an ...
  59. What is Amination?
    Amination is the process in which an amine group (-nh2) is added in an organic molecule. ...
  60. What are Amino Acids?
    To be pasted (amino acids) ...